File: /Users/paulross/dev/Python-3.6.2/Include/pymem.h

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       1: /* The PyMem_ family:  low-level memory allocation interfaces.
       2:    See objimpl.h for the PyObject_ memory family.
       3: */
       4: 
       5: #ifndef Py_PYMEM_H
       6: #define Py_PYMEM_H
       7: 
       8: #include "pyport.h"
       9: 
      10: #ifdef __cplusplus
      11: extern "C" {
      12: #endif
      13: 
      14: #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
      15: PyAPI_FUNC(void *) PyMem_RawMalloc(size_t size);
      16: PyAPI_FUNC(void *) PyMem_RawCalloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize);
      17: PyAPI_FUNC(void *) PyMem_RawRealloc(void *ptr, size_t new_size);
      18: PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyMem_RawFree(void *ptr);
      19: 
      20: /* Configure the Python memory allocators. Pass NULL to use default
      21:    allocators. */
      22: PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyMem_SetupAllocators(const char *opt);
      23: 
      24: #ifdef WITH_PYMALLOC
      25: PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyMem_PymallocEnabled(void);
      26: #endif
      27: 
      28: /* Identifier of an address space (domain) in tracemalloc */
      29: typedef unsigned int _PyTraceMalloc_domain_t;
      30: 
      31: /* Track an allocated memory block in the tracemalloc module.
      32:    Return 0 on success, return -1 on error (failed to allocate memory to store
      33:    the trace).
      34: 
      35:    Return -2 if tracemalloc is disabled.
      36: 
      37:    If memory block is already tracked, update the existing trace. */
      38: PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyTraceMalloc_Track(
      39:     _PyTraceMalloc_domain_t domain,
      40:     uintptr_t ptr,
      41:     size_t size);
      42: 
      43: /* Untrack an allocated memory block in the tracemalloc module.
      44:    Do nothing if the block was not tracked.
      45: 
      46:    Return -2 if tracemalloc is disabled, otherwise return 0. */
      47: PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyTraceMalloc_Untrack(
      48:     _PyTraceMalloc_domain_t domain,
      49:     uintptr_t ptr);
      50: 
      51: /* Get the traceback where a memory block was allocated.
      52: 
      53:    Return a tuple of (filename: str, lineno: int) tuples.
      54: 
      55:    Return None if the tracemalloc module is disabled or if the memory block
      56:    is not tracked by tracemalloc.
      57: 
      58:    Raise an exception and return NULL on error. */
      59: PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyTraceMalloc_GetTraceback(
      60:     _PyTraceMalloc_domain_t domain,
      61:     uintptr_t ptr);
      62: #endif   /* !Py_LIMITED_API */
      63: 
      64: 
      65: /* BEWARE:
      66: 
      67:    Each interface exports both functions and macros.  Extension modules should
      68:    use the functions, to ensure binary compatibility across Python versions.
      69:    Because the Python implementation is free to change internal details, and
      70:    the macros may (or may not) expose details for speed, if you do use the
      71:    macros you must recompile your extensions with each Python release.
      72: 
      73:    Never mix calls to PyMem_ with calls to the platform malloc/realloc/
      74:    calloc/free.  For example, on Windows different DLLs may end up using
      75:    different heaps, and if you use PyMem_Malloc you'll get the memory from the
      76:    heap used by the Python DLL; it could be a disaster if you free()'ed that
      77:    directly in your own extension.  Using PyMem_Free instead ensures Python
      78:    can return the memory to the proper heap.  As another example, in
      79:    PYMALLOC_DEBUG mode, Python wraps all calls to all PyMem_ and PyObject_
      80:    memory functions in special debugging wrappers that add additional
      81:    debugging info to dynamic memory blocks.  The system routines have no idea
      82:    what to do with that stuff, and the Python wrappers have no idea what to do
      83:    with raw blocks obtained directly by the system routines then.
      84: 
      85:    The GIL must be held when using these APIs.
      86: */
      87: 
      88: /*
      89:  * Raw memory interface
      90:  * ====================
      91:  */
      92: 
      93: /* Functions
      94: 
      95:    Functions supplying platform-independent semantics for malloc/realloc/
      96:    free.  These functions make sure that allocating 0 bytes returns a distinct
      97:    non-NULL pointer (whenever possible -- if we're flat out of memory, NULL
      98:    may be returned), even if the platform malloc and realloc don't.
      99:    Returned pointers must be checked for NULL explicitly.  No action is
     100:    performed on failure (no exception is set, no warning is printed, etc).
     101: */
     102: 
     103: PyAPI_FUNC(void *) PyMem_Malloc(size_t size);
     104: #if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x03050000
     105: PyAPI_FUNC(void *) PyMem_Calloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize);
     106: #endif
     107: PyAPI_FUNC(void *) PyMem_Realloc(void *ptr, size_t new_size);
     108: PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyMem_Free(void *ptr);
     109: 
     110: #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
     111: PyAPI_FUNC(char *) _PyMem_RawStrdup(const char *str);
     112: PyAPI_FUNC(char *) _PyMem_Strdup(const char *str);
     113: #endif
     114: 
     115: /* Macros. */
     116: 
     117: /* PyMem_MALLOC(0) means malloc(1). Some systems would return NULL
     118:    for malloc(0), which would be treated as an error. Some platforms
     119:    would return a pointer with no memory behind it, which would break
     120:    pymalloc. To solve these problems, allocate an extra byte. */
     121: /* Returns NULL to indicate error if a negative size or size larger than
     122:    Py_ssize_t can represent is supplied.  Helps prevents security holes. */
     123: #define PyMem_MALLOC(n)         PyMem_Malloc(n)
     124: #define PyMem_REALLOC(p, n)     PyMem_Realloc(p, n)
     125: #define PyMem_FREE(p)           PyMem_Free(p)
     126: 
     127: /*
     128:  * Type-oriented memory interface
     129:  * ==============================
     130:  *
     131:  * Allocate memory for n objects of the given type.  Returns a new pointer
     132:  * or NULL if the request was too large or memory allocation failed.  Use
     133:  * these macros rather than doing the multiplication yourself so that proper
     134:  * overflow checking is always done.
     135:  */
     136: 
     137: #define PyMem_New(type, n) \
     138:   ( ((size_t)(n) > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX / sizeof(type)) ? NULL :    \
     139:     ( (type *) PyMem_Malloc((n) * sizeof(type)) ) )
     140: #define PyMem_NEW(type, n) \
     141:   ( ((size_t)(n) > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX / sizeof(type)) ? NULL :    \
     142:     ( (type *) PyMem_MALLOC((n) * sizeof(type)) ) )
     143: 
     144: /*
     145:  * The value of (p) is always clobbered by this macro regardless of success.
     146:  * The caller MUST check if (p) is NULL afterwards and deal with the memory
     147:  * error if so.  This means the original value of (p) MUST be saved for the
     148:  * caller's memory error handler to not lose track of it.
     149:  */
     150: #define PyMem_Resize(p, type, n) \
     151:   ( (p) = ((size_t)(n) > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX / sizeof(type)) ? NULL :    \
     152:     (type *) PyMem_Realloc((p), (n) * sizeof(type)) )
     153: #define PyMem_RESIZE(p, type, n) \
     154:   ( (p) = ((size_t)(n) > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX / sizeof(type)) ? NULL :    \
     155:     (type *) PyMem_REALLOC((p), (n) * sizeof(type)) )
     156: 
     157: /* PyMem{Del,DEL} are left over from ancient days, and shouldn't be used
     158:  * anymore.  They're just confusing aliases for PyMem_{Free,FREE} now.
     159:  */
     160: #define PyMem_Del        PyMem_Free
     161: #define PyMem_DEL        PyMem_FREE
     162: 
     163: #ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
     164: typedef enum {
     165:     /* PyMem_RawMalloc(), PyMem_RawRealloc() and PyMem_RawFree() */
     166:     PYMEM_DOMAIN_RAW,
     167: 
     168:     /* PyMem_Malloc(), PyMem_Realloc() and PyMem_Free() */
     169:     PYMEM_DOMAIN_MEM,
     170: 
     171:     /* PyObject_Malloc(), PyObject_Realloc() and PyObject_Free() */
     172:     PYMEM_DOMAIN_OBJ
     173: } PyMemAllocatorDomain;
     174: 
     175: typedef struct {
     176:     /* user context passed as the first argument to the 4 functions */
     177:     void *ctx;
     178: 
     179:     /* allocate a memory block */
     180:     void* (*malloc) (void *ctx, size_t size);
     181: 
     182:     /* allocate a memory block initialized by zeros */
     183:     void* (*calloc) (void *ctx, size_t nelem, size_t elsize);
     184: 
     185:     /* allocate or resize a memory block */
     186:     void* (*realloc) (void *ctx, void *ptr, size_t new_size);
     187: 
     188:     /* release a memory block */
     189:     void (*free) (void *ctx, void *ptr);
     190: } PyMemAllocatorEx;
     191: 
     192: /* Get the memory block allocator of the specified domain. */
     193: PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyMem_GetAllocator(PyMemAllocatorDomain domain,
     194:                                     PyMemAllocatorEx *allocator);
     195: 
     196: /* Set the memory block allocator of the specified domain.
     197: 
     198:    The new allocator must return a distinct non-NULL pointer when requesting
     199:    zero bytes.
     200: 
     201:    For the PYMEM_DOMAIN_RAW domain, the allocator must be thread-safe: the GIL
     202:    is not held when the allocator is called.
     203: 
     204:    If the new allocator is not a hook (don't call the previous allocator), the
     205:    PyMem_SetupDebugHooks() function must be called to reinstall the debug hooks
     206:    on top on the new allocator. */
     207: PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyMem_SetAllocator(PyMemAllocatorDomain domain,
     208:                                     PyMemAllocatorEx *allocator);
     209: 
     210: /* Setup hooks to detect bugs in the following Python memory allocator
     211:    functions:
     212: 
     213:    - PyMem_RawMalloc(), PyMem_RawRealloc(), PyMem_RawFree()
     214:    - PyMem_Malloc(), PyMem_Realloc(), PyMem_Free()
     215:    - PyObject_Malloc(), PyObject_Realloc() and PyObject_Free()
     216: 
     217:    Newly allocated memory is filled with the byte 0xCB, freed memory is filled
     218:    with the byte 0xDB. Additionnal checks:
     219: 
     220:    - detect API violations, ex: PyObject_Free() called on a buffer allocated
     221:      by PyMem_Malloc()
     222:    - detect write before the start of the buffer (buffer underflow)
     223:    - detect write after the end of the buffer (buffer overflow)
     224: 
     225:    The function does nothing if Python is not compiled is debug mode. */
     226: PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyMem_SetupDebugHooks(void);
     227: #endif
     228: 
     229: #ifdef __cplusplus
     230: }
     231: #endif
     232: 
     233: #endif /* !Py_PYMEM_H */
     234: